Society & Class

Examinations of class, power, and the structures we live within.

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So We Look to the Sky

So We Look to the Sky

In contemporary Japan, one scandal connects the lives of five people struggling with desire, shame, loneliness, and the expectations placed upon them. When a young man’s affair with an older woman is exposed online, the fallout ripples through the lives of teenagers navigating first love, a married couple facing infertility, a young man caring for his grandmother with dementia, and a single mother working as a midwife. Through these interconnected stories, Misumi Kubo explores the intimate realities often hidden behind the surface of everyday life: the pressures on women’s bodies, the stigma surrounding sexuality, poverty, family obligations, and the desperate need for human connection. Unflinching yet deeply compassionate, this award-winning Japanese novel finds hope in the fragile, stubborn force of life itself.

Twilight in Musashino

Twilight in Musashino

Seicho Matsumoto

Set in postwar Japan in 1959, Twilight in Musashino begins with the discovery of a young Japanese flight attendant strangled on the icy banks of a river. As Detective Fujisawa investigates the murder, his attention turns to a foreign priest and the Guglielmo Church, a charitable Christian mission with an unsettling connection to the victim. What initially appears to be a straightforward criminal investigation gradually reveals a tangled web involving narcotics, postwar relief operations, and international diplomacy. The deeper Fujisawa digs, the more he encounters powerful institutions determined to protect their reputations and conceal uncomfortable truths. Blending meticulous police work with an incisive examination of social power, Seicho Matsumoto constructs a slow-burning mystery in which the pursuit of justice collides with political influence and institutional silence. The novel offers a compelling portrait of a society negotiating its identity in the aftermath of war, exposing the tensions between public morality and private corruption.

Please Form Pairs

Please Form Pairs

In a world where popularity determines survival, Mishin Mizushima is a teenage girl who struggles to meet Japan’s unforgiving standards of beauty and social status. Unpopular at school and abandoned emotionally by her mother, she occupies the lowest rung of a ruthless social hierarchy dominated by glamorous, powerful girls. But when a new teacher introduces a seemingly simple instruction—students must form pairs, and no two people can pair together twice—the established order begins to collapse. Those left without partners face a terrifying consequence: execution. Blending the vicious social politics of Mean Girls with the deadly competition of Squid Game, Chiren Kina’s dark, candy-coloured thriller explores bullying, conformity, beauty standards, and the desperate human need to belong. Beneath its exaggerated, unsettling premise lies a sharp examination of how easily social exclusion can become a matter of life and death.

Second Chance Convenience Store

Second Chance Convenience Store

The Second Chance Convenience Store follows Dokgo, a homeless man living near Seoul Station who has lost his memory and struggles to make sense of his past. His life begins to change after he finds and returns a wallet belonging to Mrs Yeom, a retired teacher who owns a small convenience store. Grateful for his honesty, she offers him food and eventually gives him a job at her shop. As Dokgo becomes part of the neighbourhood, his quiet kindness begins to transform the lives of customers and colleagues dealing with loneliness, family conflict, and personal disappointment. Yet his mysterious past continues to cast a shadow over his new beginning. Through the everyday encounters taking place inside the store, Kim explores social isolation, economic insecurity, and the importance of community. The novel celebrates compassion and suggests that small acts of kindness can help people recover their dignity and rebuild their lives.

A Quiet Place

Seicho Matsumoto

A Quiet Place follows Tsuneo Asai, a reserved government official whose life is disrupted when he learns that his wife, Eiko, has died suddenly while he is away on a business trip. Although she had a heart condition, the circumstances of her death trouble him: she collapsed in a small shop in a Tokyo neighbourhood she seemingly had no reason to visit. Determined to understand what happened, Asai investigates the area and discovers clues suggesting that his seemingly quiet and devoted wife may have been hiding a secret life. His search gradually draws him into a world of clandestine relationships, suspicion, and uncomfortable revelations. As he uncovers details about Eiko’s movements, his grief gives way to jealousy and doubt, threatening the orderly existence he has carefully maintained. Through this psychological mystery, Matsumoto examines the hidden tensions beneath respectable appearances, the constraints of marriage, and the effects of ambition and social expectations in postwar Japanese society. The novel reveals how little people may truly know about those closest to them.

Troubled Waters

Troubled Waters

Set in the pleasure district of Meiji-era Japan, Troubled Waters (Nigorie) portrays the troubled life of Oriki, a popular courtesan at the Kikunoi establishment. Beautiful and admired by her customers, Oriki conceals a deep unhappiness rooted in poverty, social exclusion, and the limited choices available to women in her position. Her past is intertwined with Genshichi, a former customer whose obsessive devotion to her has cost him his business and left his wife and child in desperate circumstances. Although Oriki has begun seeing another wealthy patron, she remains haunted by the consequences of her earlier relationship. Through fragmented conversations and shifting perspectives, Higuchi gradually reveals the emotional burdens carried by Oriki and those around her. The story examines the destructive effects of poverty, the unequal power dynamics between men and women, and the social structures that trap individuals in seemingly inescapable circumstances. With psychological subtlety and compassion, Higuchi gives voice to people marginalized by respectable society. Troubled Waters remains a powerful portrait of female vulnerability and the human cost of a world in which economic hardship and social expectations constrain personal freedom. Publication note: The original Japanese story, Nigorie, appeared in 1895. English translations have been published under several titles, including Muddy Bay (1958) and Troubled Waters (1981). A new translation by Bryan Karetnyk is included in a 2026 collection of Higuchi’s stories published by Pushkin Press.

Inspector Imanishi Investigates

Inspector Imanishi Investigates

Seicho Matsumoto

First published in 1961, Inspector Imanishi Investigates is a classic Japanese crime novel that follows Inspector Eitaro Imanishi as he investigates the mysterious murder of a man found dead beneath a train in Tokyo. What initially appears to be a straightforward case gradually unfolds into a complex investigation involving false identities, concealed pasts, and the social prejudices of postwar Japan. As Imanishi follows a trail of clues across the country, he encounters people whose lives have been shaped by ambition, discrimination, and the desire to escape their origins. Seichō Matsumoto combines the careful logic of a police procedural with a thoughtful examination of Japanese society, creating a mystery in which understanding human motivations is just as important as uncovering physical evidence.

About this theme

Books: 7
Countries: 54

Countries with this theme

Bosnia and Herzegovina

Congo, Democratic Republic

Côte d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast)

Dominican Republic