Abdulrazak Gurnah

By the Sea follows Saleh Omar, an elderly man from Zanzibar who arrives in England seeking asylum, carrying little more than a small suitcase and a box of fragrant incense. Unable or unwilling to explain his past fully, he becomes entangled in a complex history of family conflict, political upheaval, and personal betrayal. His story gradually intersects with that of Latif Mahmud, another Tanzanian exile whose family history is closely connected to Saleh’s own. As the two men confront their shared past, the novel explores displacement, memory, and the uncertain meaning of belonging. Through their conflicting recollections, Gurnah reveals how personal narratives are shaped by loss and resentment, while examining the emotional and cultural challenges faced by those forced to rebuild their lives far from home.

Memory of Departure, Gurnah’s debut novel, follows Hassan Omar, a young man growing up in a poor coastal community in East Africa. Intelligent and ambitious, Hassan dreams of escaping the limitations of his environment through education and opportunities abroad. However, his family life is marked by poverty, violence, and disappointment, making his desire to leave both a personal ambition and an attempt to escape an oppressive reality. As Hassan navigates difficult relationships and confronts the harshness of the world around him, he begins to understand the emotional and moral costs of pursuing a different future. The novel explores the struggle between hope and disillusionment, examining how family circumstances, social inequality, and colonial legacies shape the possibilities available to young people seeking independence.