The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a federation of seven emirates on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula, bordered by Saudi Arabia and Oman and surrounded by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. Its landscapes combine vast sand dunes, rugged mountains, coastal wetlands, and modern urban skylines. Dubai is internationally known for its striking architecture and commercial energy, while Abu Dhabi, the capital, blends cultural institutions and contemporary development with deep-rooted Emirati traditions. The country’s heritage reflects centuries of Bedouin life, pearl diving, maritime trade, and connections across the Arabian Peninsula, Persia, East Africa, and South Asia. Arabic is the official language, while English and many other languages are widely spoken in this highly international society. Poetry, storytelling, falconry, traditional music, and hospitality remain important elements of Emirati cultural identity.
Emirati literature grows from the rich oral traditions of the Arabian Peninsula, particularly Nabati poetry, a form of vernacular Arabic verse historically used to express love, wisdom, social values, and the experiences of desert life. Oral storytelling, folk tales, proverbs, and classical Arabic poetry have long played important roles in preserving cultural memory. As the UAE developed into a modern federation, its literary scene expanded to include novels, short stories, essays, and experimental poetry exploring rapid urbanization, migration, identity, and the relationship between tradition and modernity. Among the UAE’s notable writers is Ousha bint Khalifa Al Suwaidi, widely known as Fatāt Al-Arab, whose Nabati poetry earned her recognition as an important voice in Emirati literary culture. Sultan Al Ameemi, a novelist, short-story writer, and researcher of oral traditions, has helped document and develop the country’s literary heritage. Mohammed Al Murr, known for his short stories, often portrays everyday life and social change in Dubai and the wider Emirates. Maha Gargash, author of The Sand Fish, explores women’s lives and the transformation of Emirati society during the twentieth century. Noura Al Noman, a science-fiction author known for Ajwan, has contributed to the growth of speculative fiction in Arabic. Together, these writers reflect the UAE’s evolving literary identity, connecting inherited storytelling traditions with the experiences of a rapidly changing society.